Lee University Catalog 2022-2023 [Archived Catalog]
Natural Sciences
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Return to: College of Arts and Sciences
Paul DeLaLuz, Chairperson
Lori West, Assistant Chairperson
Biological Science / Health Science
Professors Michael Freake, Sherry Kasper, and Lori West
Associate Professors Jonathan Cornett, Ben Christmann, John Hisey, and Thaddeus McRae
Assistant Professor Joseph Daft
Associate Lecturer Pamela Hobbs
Lecturer Dana Perry
Chemistry
Distinguished Professor Paul DeLaLuz
Professor Matthew Krepps
Associate Professors John Hearn and Sarah Schlosser
Assistant Professors Brent Ferrell and David Harkins
Associate Lecturer Allison Sneed
Physics
Assistant Professor Anthony Minutolo
Disciplines
Astronomy
Biochemistry
Biological Science
Chemistry
Health Science
General Science
In harmony with the mission statements of Lee University and its College of Arts and Sciences, the Department of Natural Sciences strives to equip students for success in science through its commitment to excellence in teaching, interdisciplinary studies and innovative research. Majors are provided with a foundation in the sciences to enable them to think critically, communicate clearly and perform successfully in their vocational calling. Through the integration of faith and its academic disciplines, the department promotes the highest standards of professional and ethical behavior. Students are challenged to discover and use their God-given gifts and talents to make a positive impact in their world.
The department offers majors in Biochemistry, Biological Science, Biological Science Education, Chemistry, Chemistry Education, and Health Science. Foundation courses in botany, zoology, chemistry, health sciences, general science, and physics present opportunities for both majors and non-majors to become acquainted with basic principles and concepts of the biological and physical sciences.
Biological Science
The Biological Science program (BIOLS.BS) is intended for the student who desires a good foundation in the biological sciences but not necessarily an emphasis in teaching, or the pre-professional track. Although these individuals could design their program to meet the requirements for professional school, they are more likely to progress to graduate studies or the technical job market. The philosophy of this program is to provide a broad exposure to the various sub-disciplines of biology so as to provide a solid foundation of knowledge and understanding on which to build with additional graduate training or work experience. There is an emphasis on understanding, problem solving, exploration of the scientific literature and research.
Chemistry and Biochemistry
The chemistry and biochemistry curriculum (CHEMS.BS and BIOCH.BS) is designed to prepare students for graduate studies, professional school or a career in the industry. The program emphasizes development of analytical thinking skills, cooperative problem solving and independent investigation of chemical principles.
Pre-Professional and Health Science
The pre-professional tracks and health science major (BIOCP.BS, BIOLP.BS, BIOPA.BS, BIOPT.BS, HLSCI.BS), prepare students for entrance into health professions schools, graduate studies or entry level positions in health care systems managed-care organizations, long-term care settings, public health sectors, business and industry. Students enrolled in a pre-professional program (BIOCP.BS, BIOLP.BS, BIOPA.BS, BIOPT.BS) must earn a grade of B- or better in all classes listed under their Specialty Area and Collateral Requirements to fulfill the requirements of these majors.
Science Education
The science education programs (BIOLS.BST and CHEMS.BST) prepare graduates for initial employment as science teachers in middle and secondary schools and entrance to graduate schools. The program emphasizes critical thinking, problem solving, and development of curriculum and pedagogical skills.
Special Opportunities
Au Sable Institute inspires and educates people to serve, protect, and restore God’s earth. The Institute emphasizes a community based approach to learning where courses integrate teaching, devotion, recreation and biblical principles to guide scientific knowledge and technical skills in creation care.
It achieves this through academic programs and professional environmental certification for students who attend participating colleges and universities, of which Lee University is a member. Courses take place at Au Sable’s Great Lakes (Michigan) and Puget Sound (Washington State) campuses, and at campuses in India and Costa Rica. Students enroll and pay tuition through Lee, and classes are listed on the transcript as Lee classes. For course offerings visit www.ausable.org, and contact faculty representative Dr. Michael Freake at mfreake@leeuniversity.edu.
Students who participate in this program can take part in college credit courses such as:
Wildlife Ecology
This course covers the ecology, conservation, and stewardship of wildlife species and their habitats. The main components of the course includes growth and structure of natural and managed populations, environmental and human social factors affecting wildlife communities, and wildlife conservation. The course is set in the context of the historical development of the field from management, to ecology, and to the land ethic of Leopold. It also includes discussions of how to apply this information for management and stewardship of non-game and endangered species, and long-term prospects of wildlife in changing environmental, climatic, and social contexts. Prerequisite: one course in biology, or permission of professor (4-credits; 100 contact hours).
Marine Biology
Marine Biology focuses on intertidal life and marine ecology in oceanic and geophysical context. Students study the biology of marine plants and animals in the field, specifically trophic dynamic relationships of eel grass communities and the intertidal zone, workings of the island systems of Puget Sound, ecological roles of sea birds and fishes, population and community structure dynamics, exploitation and oceanic microbialization, and biogeochemical processes and their linkages with the biosphere. Marine stewardship and effects of human activity on the marine environment are integral to the course. Prerequisites: General biology or permission of professor.
Conservation Biology
Principles of conservation biology with applications to sustainable human society and biospheric integrity. An integrative approach to biology and society that interrelates population biology, ecological principles, biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem functions, and human society in the context of biospheric degradation. The course develops a stewardship perspective rooted in biological principles and directed at conservation of plant and animal species, biotic communities, ecosystems, and human society. Included are topics of human development, poverty, and economic growth. Prerequisite: one year in biology and one course in ecology, or permission of professor (4 credits; 100 contact hours).
ProgramsMajors
Minors
CoursesAstronomyBiological Science- BIOS 110 - Human Biology
- BIOS 112 - Environmental Science
- BIOS 114 - Introduction to Forensics
- BIOS 151 - Australian Wildlife Biology
- BIOS 152 - Medical Missions Internship I
- BIOS 161 - Principles of Biology I
- BIOS 162 - Principles of Biology II
- BIOS 171 - Scientific Writing
- BIOS 181, 182, 183, 184 - Special Topics in Biology
- BIOS 231 - Principles of Nutrition
- BIOS 232 - Pre-Professional Seminar
- BIOS 261 - Genetics
- BIOS 281, 282, 283, 284 - Special Topics in Biology
- BIOS 330L - Microbiology Lab
- BIOS 331 - Microbiology
- BIOS 332 - Human Anatomy and Physiology I
- BIOS 333 - Human Anatomy and Physiology II
- BIOS 334 - Principles of Pharmacology
- BIOS 335 - Cancer Biology
- BIOS 347 - Teaching Internship
- BIOS 348, 349 - Teaching Practicum I, II
- BIOS 351 - Parasitology
- BIOS 361 - Cell Biology
- BIOS 362 - Ecology
- BIOS 363 - Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
- BIOS 364 - Animal Behavior
- BIOS 365 - Ecological Methods
- BIOS 371 - Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
- BIOS 381, 382, 383, 384 - Special Topics in Biology
- BIOS 390 - Introduction to Research
- BIOS 391 - Research
- BIOS 392 - Research
- BIOS 393 - Research
- BIOS 460L - Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory
- BIOS 461 - Molecular Biology
- BIOS 462 - Evolutionary Biology
- BIOS 471 - Structural Histology
- BIOS 472 - Immunology
- BIOS 490 - Senior Seminar
- BIOS 491 - Senior Research
- BIOS 494 - Professional Presentation
- BIOS 495 - Science and Scripture
BiologyChemistry- CHYS 131 - Principles of General Chemistry
- CHYS 132 - Principles of Organic and Biochemistry
- CHYS 132L - Principles of Organic and Biochemistry Lab
- CHYS 135 - Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry
- CHYS 135L - Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry Lab
- CHYS 161 - General Chemistry I
- CHYS 162 - General Chemistry II
- CHYS 171 - Scientific Writing
- CHYS 181, 182, 183, 184 - Special Topics in Chemistry
- CHYS 231L - Organic Chemistry Lab I
- CHYS 261 - Organic Chemistry I
- CHYS 262 - Organic Chemistry II
- CHYS 262L - Organic Chemistry Lab I and II
- CHYS 281, 282, 283, 284 - Special Topics in Chemistry
- CHYS 347 - Teaching Internship
- CHYS 348, 349 - Teaching Practicum I, II
- CHYS 361 - Biochemistry I
- CHYS 362 - Biochemistry II
- CHYS 362L - Biochemistry Laboratory
- CHYS 371 - Quantitative Analysis
- CHYS 372 - Instrumental Analysis: Spec ID
- CHYS 381, 382, 383, 384 - Special Topics in Chemistry
- CHYS 390 - Introduction To Research
- CHYS 391 - Research
- CHYS 392 - Research
- CHYS 393 - Research
- CHYS 395 - Research
- CHYS 461 - Biochemical Synthesis and Molecular Biology
- CHYS 465 - Inorganic Chemistry
- CHYS 466 - Chemical Applications of Group Theory and Lab
- CHYS 471 - Survey of Physical Chemistry
- CHYS 472 - Physical Chemistry
- CHYS 491 - Research Design
- CHYS 492 - Physical Chemistry Research
- CHYS 493 - Chemistry Research and Defense
- CHYS 499 - Senior Research
General ScienceHealth Science- HSCS 161 - Introduction to Health Care
- HSCS 171 - Scientific Writing
- HSCS 181, 182, 183, 184 - Special Topics in Health Science
- HSCS 231 - Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology I
- HSCS 232 - Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology II
- HSCS 233 - Introduction to Microbiology
- HSCS 241 - Health Professions Internship
- HSCS 251 - International Health: Latin American Health Studies
- HSCS 252 - Medical Missions Internship
- HSCS 281, 282, 283, 284 - Special Topics in Health Sciences
- HSCS 347 - Teaching Internship
- HSCS 348, 349 - Teaching Practicum I, II
- HSCS 381, 382, 383, 384 - Special Topics in Health Sciences
- HSCS 461 - Medical Terminology
- HSCS 495 - Bioethics: Integration of Faith and Practice
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